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In this unit, children continue to solidify their understanding of fundamental counting principles. Students will focus on the shape categories of triangles, circles, rectangles and squares. Furthermore, students will solve and represent word problems to build a solid understanding of addition and subtraction. The following big ideas will be covered in this unit:
- Numbers are related to each other through a variety of relationships. For example 6 is one more than five and is four less than 10.
- Each successive number refers to a quantity that is exactly one larger.
- Ten-frame can be used to represent numbers.
- Problems can be modeled using objects, pictures, numbers, and words.
- Addition can be thought of as placing two or more quantities together.
- Subtraction can be thought of as taking an amount away from a given quantity or find a missing part given the whole and the other part.
- Addition and subtraction can be used to solve word problems involving situations such as “adding to” and “taking from”. (within 5)
- Shapes can be moved or rotated without changing the shape’s properties.
- Shapes have sides and angles, which can be counted and compared.
- Triangles, rectangles, squares and circles can be defined based on their attributes.
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K.CC.A. Know number names and the count sequence. K.CC.A.1. Count to 100 by ones and by tens. K.CC.A.2. Count forward beginning from a given number within the known sequence (instead of having to begin at 1). K.CC.A.3. Write numbers from 0 to 20. Represent a number of objects with a written numeral 0-20 (with 0 representing a count of no objects). K.CC.B. Count to tell the number of objects. K.CC.B.4. Understand the relationship between numbers and quantities; connect counting to cardinality. K.CC.B.4a. When counting objects, say the number names in the standard order, pairing each object with one and only one number name and each number name with one and only one object. K.CC.B.4b. Understand that the last number name said tells the number of objects counted. The number of objects is the same regardless of their arrangement or the order in which they were counted. K.CC.B.4c. Understand that each successive number name refers to a quantity that is one larger. K.CC.B.5. Count to answer “how many?” questions about as many as 20 things arranged in a line, a rectangular array, or a circle, or as many as 10 things in a scattered configuration; given a number from 1–20, count out that many objects. K.CC.C.6. Identify whether the number of objects in one group is greater than, less than, or equal to the number of objects in another group, e.g., by using matching and counting strategies. Operations & Algebraic Thinking K.OA.A. Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.
Drawings need not show details, but should show the mathematics in the problem. (This applies wherever drawings are mentioned in the Standards.) K.OA.A.2. Solve addition and subtraction word problems, and add and subtract within 10, e.g., by using objects or drawings to represent the problem. K.OA.A.3. Decompose numbers less than or equal to 10 into pairs in more than one way, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record each decomposition by a drawing or equation (e.g., 5 = 2 + 3 and 5 = 4 + 1). K.MD.A. Describe and compare measurable attributes. K.MD.A.1. Describe measurable attributes of objects, such as length or weight. Describe several measurable attributes of a single object. K.G.A. Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres). K.G.A.1. Describe objects in the environment using names of shapes, and describe the relative positions of these objects using terms such as above, below, beside, in front of, behind, and next to. K.G.A.2. Correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size. K.G.B. Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes. K.G.B.4. Analyze and compare two- and three-dimensional shapes, in different sizes and orientations, using informal language to describe their similarities, differences, parts (e.g., number of sides and vertices/“corners”) and other attributes (e.g., having sides of equal length).
© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved.
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Students will have opportunities to:
- Make sense of their problem (MP.1)
- Reflect on their thinking as they solve the problem (MP.1)
- Keep trying when the problem is challenging (MP.1)
- Check whether their answer makes sense (MP.1)
- Solve problems in more than one way (MP.1)
- Compare their strategies with others (MP.1)
- Look for mathematical structures such as categories, patterns and properties (MP.7)
- Use structures to solve problems and answer questions (MP.7)
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- Counting tells how many things are in a set.
- When counting a set of objects, the last word in the counting sequence names the quantity for that set.
- Each object being counted must be given one count and only one count.
- A number can be represented by a set of objects, then by a word, and finally by a numeral.
- Numbers are made up of different parts.
- All numbers can be composed and decomposed.
- Numbers can be compared using words such as, more, less, and fewer.
- Properties determine when shapes are alike or different.
- Five-frame can be used to represent numbers.
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- Addition and subtraction can be used to solve word problems involving situations such as “adding to” and “taking from”. (within 10)
- Shapes can be described in terms of their location.
- Some shapes are flat (2-D) while other shapes are solid (3-D).
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attribute, circle, curved, different, equal, fewer, greater, group, lined-up, more, next, none, number words, one more, pair, pattern, rectangle, round, row, same, same length, same number, scattered, shape, side, sort, sorting rule, square, straight, ten frame, triangle, vertex, vertices,unknown, counted
Bold: Listed in teacher's EDM4 edition
Normal Font: not listed in teacher’s edition as a vocabulary word but will be helpful for students in explanations
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| The following lesson plan sequence is obtained from Everyday Mathematics 4. Each lesson is aligned with a learning objective to inform the teachers on what students should be able to at the end of the lesson. The student objective informs the students of their learning goals for the day and it should be reviewed before, during and at the end of the lesson. Each lesson includes a mathematics task that should be implemented to meet the learning objectives. Teachers can select from the practice opportunities to reinforce the learning goals of the day. |
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| The following language supports are for English Language Learners but could also be used to support any struggling learner in mathematics. The strategies are obtained from the SIOP model. The language objectives will support students' academic language development. The sentence stems and starters provides the support many students need to be able to participate in discussions and writing about mathematics. |
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