Note that this is a two-part unit. In Lessons 1-8, preferably taught toward the beginning of the school year, students will look for patterns in the sky that they can see, focusing on the moon, sun, and stars. The patterns they focus on are the apparent movement of the objects through the sky and the time of day or night when the sun, moon, and stars are visible in the sky. Students begin a data tracking routine that will continue throughout the year to track the amount of sunlight (in hours) and the sun’s apparent north-south movement in the sky. In Lessons 10-11, at the end of the year, students will use their data on the hours of sunlight from the school year and summer data provided by the teacher to look for a pattern related to having fewer hours of sunlight in the winter, and more hours of sunlight in the summer, spring and fall. They will also look at patterns in how the sun appears to move from north to south to north again in the sky throughout a year. They will compare these patterns to notice that when the sun is lowest in the sky (at noon), we also receive the least amount of sunlight (e.g., winter). Similarly, they should notice that when the sun is higher in the sky (at noon), we also receive more sunlight (e.g., spring, summer, fall). | Part 1: The sun, moon, and stars appear in the sky at different times. They appear to move across the sky in the same direction every day. The sun moves from one side of the sky where it rises (East) to the opposite side of the sky when it sets (West). The moon and stars follow the same pattern. This is due to the earth’s rotation on its axis – the day/night cycle. Part 2: The amount of sunlight we have each day changes a little bit. As the seasons change, so does the amount of sunlight. In the summer, we have the most hours of sunlight and in the fall, we have fewer hours of sunlight. In winter we have the fewest hours of sunlight, and then the amount of sunlight increases during the spring. Also, in the northern hemisphere, the sun appears more north in the sky and in the winter, the sun appears more south in the sky. This is due to the seasons, which are caused by the earth’s tilt and revolution around the sun. The changing seasons cause changes in the amount of direct sunlight and apparent height of the sun in the sky. These are consistent annual patterns. |